「〜はずがない」- Expressing Impossibility

Explanation

「〜はずがない」 is used to express a reasonable assumption based on certain evidence, indicating that something is impossible or unlikely to happen. This structure is often used when the speaker strongly denies a certain situation.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
Verb Plain Form + はずがない	Verb Plain Form + はずがない	Used to express that something is impossible.
い-Adjective Plain Form + はずがない	い-Adjective Plain Form + はずがない	Used to express that something is impossible.
な-Adjective Stem + な + はずがない	な-Adjective Stem + な + はずがない	Used to express that something is impossible.
Noun + の + はずがない	Noun + の + はずがない	Used to express that something is impossible.

Basic Usage

• Verb Usage：
  • Verb Plain Form + はずがない
  • Example: 彼かれがここに来くるはずがないはずがない。
  • Kare ga koko ni kuru hazu ga nai.
  • He can't possibly come here.
    
• い-Adjective Usage：
  • い-Adjective Plain Form + はずがない
  • Example: こんなに美味おいしいはずがないはずがない。
  • Konna ni oishii hazu ga nai.
  • It can't possibly be this delicious.
    
• な-Adjective Usage：
  • な-Adjective Stem + な + はずがない
  • Example: 彼かれが真面目まじめなはずがないはずがない。
  • Kare ga majime na hazu ga nai.
  • He can't possibly be serious.
    
• Noun Usage：
  • Noun + の + はずがない
  • Example: 彼かれが医者いしゃのはずがないはずがない。
  • Kare ga isha no hazu ga nai.
  • He can't possibly be a doctor.

Examples

• 彼かれが先生せんせいのはずがないはずがない。
• Kare ga sensei no hazu ga nai.
• He can't possibly be a teacher.
  

Deep Dive

「はずがない」 indicates that the speaker is making a reasonable assumption based on certain evidence, but without absolute certainty. It cannot be used for things that are within the speaker's control. It emphasizes the speaker's strong denial of the possibility of something happening.

Comparison and Differences

「〜はずがない」vs.「わけがない」

• Similarities：
  • Both express strong negation, with no significant difference in meaning.
  • Example: 彼かれがここに来くるはずがないはずがない/わけがないわけがない。
  • Kare ga koko ni kuru hazu ga nai/wake ga nai.
  • He can't possibly come here.
    
• Differences：
  • 「わけがない」 is more commonly used in spoken language and is sometimes shortened to 「わけない」.
  • Example: こんな美味おいしいわけないわけない。
  • Konna oishii wake nai.
  • It can't possibly be this delicious.

Real-Life Scenarios

• In everyday conversations, this structure is often used to describe something that is impossible. For example:
  • あの人ひとは入院にゅういんしているので、明日あしたの旅行りょこうに来くるはずがないはずがない。
  • Ano hito wa nyuuin shite iru node, ashita no ryokou ni kuru hazu ga nai.
  • That person is hospitalized, so they can't possibly come to tomorrow's trip.
    
  • 彼かれがそんなことを言いうはずがないはずがない。
  • Kare ga sonna koto o iu hazu ga nai.
  • He can't possibly say something like that.

Summary

「〜はずがない」 is used to strongly deny the possibility of something happening and can be applied to verbs, adjectives, and nouns. This structure is similar to 「わけがない」 but is more commonly used in spoken language. Understanding its usage helps in better expressing the impossibility of certain events.