「〜に伴って/〜に伴い」- Expressing Concomitant Change
Explanation
〜に伴って (ni tomonatte) and 〜に伴い (ni tomonai) are common Japanese grammatical structures used to express that "as one thing changes, another thing also changes." This pattern emphasizes the causal relationship between the two changes, making it a useful way to describe linked transformations.
Grammar Pattern
Grammar Point | Connection | Explanation |
---|---|---|
〜に伴って/〜に伴い | Noun + に伴って/に伴い | Indicates that as the noun changes, something else also changes. |
〜のに伴って/〜のに伴い | Verb dictionary form + の + に伴って/に伴い | Indicates that as the action or state changes, something else also changes. |
Basic Examples
その島 は、森林 の減少 に伴 って、鳥 や動物 の数 が減 っている。- Sono shima wa, shinrin no genshou ni tomonatte, tori ya doubutsu no kazu ga hetteiru.
- As the forest decreases, the number of birds and animals on that island is also decreasing.
経済 の発展 に伴 い、人々 の生活水準 も向上 した。- Keizai no hatten ni tomonai, hitobito no seikatsu suijun mo koujou shita.
- As the economy developed, people's standard of living also improved.
ダム建設 に伴 って一 つの村 が水没 してしまった。- Damu kensetsu ni tomonatte, hitotsu no mura ga suibotsu shite shimatta.
- As the dam was constructed, one village ended up being submerged.
Deep Dive
1. Basic Usage
〜に伴って/に伴い is commonly used to describe how changes in time, environment, or state lead to changes in other related things. Here are some examples:
人々 の考 え方 も時代 に伴 って変化 していくべきだ。- Hitobito no kangae kata mo jidai ni tomonatte henka shite iku beki da.
- People's way of thinking should also change as the times change.
大学卒業 に伴 って引っ越 しすることになった。- Daigaku sotsugyou ni tomonatte hikkoshi suru koto ni natta.
- As I graduated from university, I decided to move.
2. Advanced Usage
In more complex sentences, 〜に伴って and 〜に伴い can describe intricate relationships of change, such as societal transformations or technological advancements.
技術 の進歩 に伴 って、通信手段 も大幅 に向上 した。- Gijutsu no shinpo ni tomonatte, tsuushin shudan mo oohaba ni koujou shita.
- As technology advanced, communication methods also improved significantly.
環境問題 の深刻化 に伴 い、再生可能 エネルギー への関心 が高 まっている。- Kankyou mondai no shinkokuka ni tomonai, saisei kanou enerugii e no kanshin ga takamatteiru.
- As environmental issues worsen, interest in renewable energy is increasing.
Comparisons and Differences
「〜に伴って」vs.「〜につれて」
Both 〜に伴って and 〜につれて (ni tsurete) express that as one thing changes, another thing also changes. However, 〜につれて emphasizes a natural or inevitable change, without implying human involvement.
Expression | Usage | Example | English Translation |
---|---|---|---|
〜に伴って | Emphasizes linked changes | As the economy develops, new business opportunities are emerging. | |
〜につれて | Emphasizes natural or inevitable changes | As time passes, memories gradually fade. |
「〜に伴って」vs.「〜によって」
〜によって (ni yotte) means "due to" or "by means of," and it does not emphasize the linked changes like 〜に伴って does.
Expression | Usage | Example | English Translation |
---|---|---|---|
〜に伴って | Emphasizes linked changes | As the dam was constructed, one village ended up being submerged. | |
〜によって | Indicates cause or means | Improving road visibility has reduced the rate of traffic accidents. |
「〜に伴って」vs.「〜に従い」
〜に従い (ni shitagai) means "in accordance with" or "following," and it emphasizes following rules or instructions rather than linked changes.
Expression | Usage | Example | English Translation |
---|---|---|---|
〜に伴って | Emphasizes linked changes | As the economy developed, people's standard of living also improved. | |
〜に従い | Emphasizes following rules or instructions | Please follow the staff's instructions to enter. |
Real-Life Scenarios
- When describing societal or environmental changes, 〜に伴って or 〜に伴い can be used to emphasize the causal relationship between the changes.
- In formal reports or academic papers, using 〜に伴い can make the language more formal.
Summary
〜に伴って and 〜に伴い are essential grammatical structures for describing linked changes, where one change leads to another. By mastering these patterns and understanding their differences from similar grammar points, you can more accurately express complex relationships of change in Japanese.