「てはいけない」- Prohibition
Explanation
〜てはいけない is a common Japanese grammatical structure used to express prohibition or the act of not allowing a certain behavior. Its basic meaning is "must not," "cannot," or "should not." It is typically attached to the て form of a verb to indicate that a certain action is not permitted.
Grammar Pattern
| Grammar Point | Connection | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Verb て-form + はいけない | Attach 「はいけない」 to the て form of a verb | Indicates prohibition of an action |
Basic Usage
〜てはいけない is used to express prohibition or to command someone not to do something. It is often used in hierarchical relationships, such as between teachers and students, bosses and subordinates, or parents and children.
Examples
- ここでは
タバコ を吸 ってはいけない。 - Koko de wa tabako o sutte wa ikenai.
- You must not smoke here.
- この
部屋 へ入 ってはいけない。 - Kono heya e haitte wa ikenai.
- You must not enter this room.
夜 遅 くまでテレビ を見 てはいけない。- Yoru osoku made terebi o mite wa ikenai.
- You must not watch TV until late at night.
Deep Dive
〜てはいけない is not only used for simple prohibitions but can also be used in more complex sentence contexts.
Complex Usage
仕事 中にスマホ を使 ってはいけません。- Shigoto-chuu ni sumaho o tsukatte wa ikemasen.
- You must not use your phone during work.
先生 の話 を聞 かないで、他 のことをしてはいけない 。- Sensei no hanashi o kikanaide, hoka no koto o shite wa ikenai.
- You must not do other things without listening to the teacher.
Real-Life Scenarios
Conversation Scenarios
Scenario 1: School
先生 ：廊下 では走 ってはいけません。- Sensei: Rouka de wa hashitte wa ikemasen.
- Teacher: You must not run in the hallway.
Scenario 2: Workplace
上司 ：会議 中に電話 をしてはいけません 。- Joushi: Kaigi-chuu ni denwa o shite wa ikemasen.
- Boss: You must not make phone calls during the meeting.
Scenario 3: Home
母親 ：お菓子 を食 べる前 に手 を洗 ってはいけない。- Hahaoya: Okashi o taberu mae ni te o aratte wa ikenai.
- Mother: You must not eat snacks without washing your hands.
Summary
〜てはいけない is an important Japanese grammar point widely used in daily life to clearly express prohibition. Through multiple examples and scenarios, you can better understand its usage and tone.