ある (あ る) - Existence

Explanation

Indicates the existence or possession of something.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
ある	Place + に + Object + が	Used to describe the existence of an object in a specific location.

Deep Dive

ある is not only used for the existence of physical objects but can also indicate abstract relationships or the occurrence of events. For example, it can describe the existence of a relationship or the happening of an event.

Negative Form

The negative form of ある is ない or the more polite ありません.

• 机つくえの上うえに本ほんがない。
• Tsukue no ue ni hon ga nai.
• There is no book on the desk.
  

Real-Life Scenarios

• Describing the existence of an object:

• 部屋へやの中なかにテーブルテーブルがある。
• Heya no naka ni teeburu ga aru.
• There is a table in the room.
  

• Describing the occurrence of an event:

• 昨日きのう、面白おもしろいことがあった。
• Kinou, omoshiroi koto ga atta.
• Something interesting happened yesterday.
  

Summary

ある is a fundamental and important verb in Japanese, used to indicate the existence of inanimate objects, events, or abstract things. Understanding the usage of ある and its distinction from いる is essential for accurately describing different types of existence.

「ある」- Possession

Explanation

Indicates possession of items, knowledge, property, etc.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
N1 + が + ある	Noun + が	Indicates that someone or something possesses an item, knowledge, property, etc.

Basic Usage

In Japanese, ある is used to indicate the existence or possession of something. It is often used with the particle が, which follows a noun. For example:

• 彼かれは車くるまがある。
• Kare wa kuruma ga aru.
• He has a car.
  

• 私わたしはお金かねがある。
• Watashi wa okane ga aru.
• I have money.
  

Examples

Here are some examples using ある to help better understand its usage:

• 彼かれは車くるまがある。
• Kare wa kuruma ga aru.
• He has a car.
  

• 彼かれは多おおくの知識ちしきがある。
• Kare wa ooku no chishiki ga aru.
• He has a lot of knowledge.
  

• 私わたしは留学りゅうがくの経験けいけんがある。
• Watashi wa ryuugaku no keiken ga aru.
• I have study abroad experience.
  

• 学生がくせいは本ほんがある。
• Gakusei wa hon ga aru.
• The student has a book.
  

• 彼かれは家いえがある。
• Kare wa ie ga aru.
• He has a house.
  

Summary

ある is a basic yet essential Japanese verb that indicates possession of inanimate objects, knowledge, property, etc. Understanding and correctly using ある helps in expressing the concept of possession or existence more clearly and accurately in everyday conversations and writing.

「ある」- Indicating the Occurrence of Events

Explanation

Indicates the occurrence of events.

Pronunciation and Basic Usage

"ある" is a Japanese verb primarily used to indicate that something or an event has occurred. This verb is often used in sentences to describe that a specific event has happened or is happening.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
N + が + ある	Noun + が + ある	Indicates that something has occurred or exists.

Examples

• 昨日きのうから少々すこし熱ねつがある、頭あたまが痛いたいです。
• Kinou kara sukoshi netsu ga aru, atama ga itai desu.
• I’ve had a slight fever since yesterday, and my head hurts.
  

• 明日あしたは会議かいぎがある。
• Ashita wa kaigi ga aru.
• There is a meeting tomorrow.
  

• 今日こんにちは試験しけんがある。
• Kyou wa shiken ga aru.
• There is an exam today.
  

Deep Dive

The verb "ある" not only indicates existence but is also commonly used to describe the occurrence of events. For example, the holding of a meeting, the taking of an exam, or the occurrence of an incident or accident.

Basic Application

In basic applications, "ある" is often used to describe common events or occurrences in daily life. For example, an event happening at a certain place or a plan scheduled for a specific time.

Examples:

• 駅えきの近ちかくで事故じこがあった。
• Eki no chikaku de jiko ga atta.
• An accident happened near the station.
  

• 明日あしたは大事だいじな会議かいぎがあります。
• Ashita wa daiji na kaigi ga arimasu.
• There is an important meeting tomorrow.
  

Real-Life Scenarios

To better understand the usage of "ある," here are some dialogue examples showcasing its application in different contexts:

Dialogue 1:

• Aえー：明日あしたは何なにか予定よていがある？
• A: Ashita wa nani ka yotei ga aru?
• A: Do you have any plans for tomorrow?
  

• Bびー：はい、会議かいぎがあります。
• B: Hai, kaigi ga arimasu.
• B: Yes, there is a meeting.
  

Dialogue 2:

• Aえー：昨日きのうは何なにか面白おもしろいことがあった？
• A: Kinou wa nani ka omoshiroi koto ga atta?
• A: Did anything interesting happen yesterday?
  

• Bびー：ええ、新あたらしいレストランれすとらんがオープンしました。
• B: Ee, atarashii resutoran ga oopun shimashita.
• B: Yes, a new restaurant opened.
  

Summary

Through the above examples and dialogues, you can better understand the usage of "ある" in indicating the occurrence of events. Mastering this usage will significantly improve the accuracy and fluency of your Japanese expressions.