「もう〜ない」: Indicates the End of a State
Explanation
「もう〜ない」 is a common expression used to indicate "there is no more" or "no longer." This expression is typically used to describe the end of a state or the disappearance of something.
Grammar Pattern
| Grammar Point | Connection | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| もう〜ない | もう + Verb Negative Form | Indicates that a certain state has ended or something no longer exists. |
Basic Usage
「もう〜ない」 is mainly used in the following scenarios:
- To describe that something has been used up or no longer exists.
- To indicate that a certain action is no longer being performed.
Examples
みんな がたくさん飲みましたから、もうお酒 はありません。- Minna ga takusan nomimashita kara, mou sake wa arimasen.
- Everyone drank a lot, so there is no more alcohol.
- もう
時間 がない。 - Mou jikan ga nai.
- There is no more time.
- もう
彼 には会 わない。 - Mou kare ni wa awanai.
- I will no longer see him.
Deep Dive
Basic Concept
The basic structure of 「もう〜ない」 is as follows:
もう + Verb Negative Form
This structure indicates the end of a certain state. For example:
- もう
彼 には会 わない。 - Mou kare ni wa awanai.
- I will no longer see him.
More Complex Applications
In Japanese usage, 「もう〜ない」 can be used in more complex contexts. For example:
- もう
一度 も彼女 に会 うことはないだろう。 - Mou ichido mo kanojo ni au koto wa nai darou.
- I probably won't see her again.
彼 はもう戻 ってこないと言 っていた。- Kare wa mou modotte konai to itte ita.
- He said he won't come back anymore.
Comparison and Differences
「もう〜ない」 vs. 「まだ〜ない」
| Expression | Meaning | Example | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| もう〜ない | Already ended or no longer | もう |
There is no more food. |
| まだ〜ない | Not yet happened | まだ |
There is no food yet. |
Real-Life Scenarios
In actual conversations, examples of 「もう〜ない」 usage are as follows:
Dialogue 1:
- A：
昨日 のケーキ 、まだ残 っている？ - A：Kinou no keeki, mada nokotte iru?
- A：Is there any cake left from yesterday?
- B：もう
ない よ。全部 食 べちゃった。 - B：Mou nai yo. Zenbu tabechatta.
- B：There's no more. I ate it all.
Dialogue 2:
- A：
最近 忙 しい？ - A：Saikin isogashii?
- A：Have you been busy lately?
- B：もう
忙 しくない。仕事 が終 わったから。 - B：Mou isogashiku nai. Shigoto ga owatta kara.
- B：I'm not busy anymore. Because work is finished.
Summary
「もう〜ない」 is an important grammar point in Japanese used to indicate the end of a state or the disappearance of something. Mastering its basic usage and complex applications will help you express yourself accurately in real-life conversations.