と - Expressing Evaluation of Something

Explanation

This grammar point is used to give an overall evaluation of different aspects of something.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
Noun A + といい + Noun B + といい	This pattern is used to describe two different aspects of the same thing and give an overall evaluation, meaning "whether it's A or B, it's...".

Basic Usage

Noun A and Noun B describe different aspects of the same thing, such as quality, design, service, etc. The following part provides an overall evaluation of the thing, which can be either positive or negative.

• あの店あのみせの服ふくは、品質ひんしつといい、デザインでざいんといい、申し分もうしぶんなし。
• Ano mise no fuku wa, hinshitsu to ii, dezain to ii, moushibun nashi.
• The clothes from that store are impeccable, whether it's the quality or the design.
  

Examples

• 彼かれの料理りょうりは、味あじといい、見みた目めといい、最高さいこうだ。
• Kare no ryouri wa, aji to ii, mitame to ii, saikou da.
• His cooking is the best, whether it's the taste or the appearance.
  

• この本このほんは、内容ないようといい、構成こうせいといい、非常ひじょうに優すぐれています。
• Kono hon wa, naiyou to ii, kousei to ii, hijou ni sugureteimasu.
• This book is excellent, whether it's the content or the structure.
  

Summary

「〜と〜」 is a practical grammar point used to give an overall evaluation of different aspects of something, making Japanese expressions richer and more precise.

 

 

---

〜と〜 - Indicates "All of..."

Explanation

This structure is used to indicate that all of A possess a certain characteristic or state.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
Noun A + と + Noun A	Noun + と + Noun	This pattern emphasizes that all things within a certain scope share a specific characteristic, often used to describe universal phenomena.

Deep Dive

When using this pattern, the repetition of the noun A strongly emphasizes that all A meet a certain condition, creating a powerful effect. This structure is commonly used to describe universal phenomena, highlighting the comprehensiveness of a certain characteristic or state.

Examples

• 学校がっこうが始はじまる日ひの朝あさ、道路どうろという道路どうろは車くるまであふれていた。
• Gakkou ga hajimaru hi no asa, douro to iu douro wa kuruma de afureteita.
• On the morning of the first day of school, all the roads were packed with cars.
  

• 地吹雪じふぶきで道みちという道みちが通行止つうこうどめになっている。
• Jifubuki de michi to iu michi ga tsuukoudome ni natteiru.
• Due to the blizzard, all the roads are closed.
  

• 床ゆかという床ゆかが泥どろまみれだ。
• Yuka to iu yuka ga doro mamire da.
• The entire floor is covered in mud.

Notes

This structure is often followed by words like "say," "think," "consider," or "write," further emphasizing the universal phenomenon being described.

Comparisons and Differences

• 「と」 vs. 「や」：
  • 「と」 indicates a complete list, while 「や」 indicates a partial list.
• 「と」 vs. 「か」：
  • 「と」 indicates a definite choice, while 「か」 indicates an uncertain choice.

Real-Life Scenarios

Used to describe universally existing phenomena or emphasize a certain characteristic.

• Describing Phenomena
  • 雨あめの日ひには道みちという道みちがぬれている。
  • Ame no hi ni wa michi to iu michi ga nureteiru.
  • On rainy days, all the roads are wet.
    
• Emphasizing Universal Phenomena
  • 休暇きゅうかの時期じきには、ホテルほてるというホテルほてるが満室まんしつになる。
  • Kyuuka no jiki ni wa, hoteru to iu hoteru ga manshitsu ni naru.
  • During the holiday season, all the hotels are fully booked.

Summary

The usage of 〜と〜 emphasizes the shared characteristics of all things, making it suitable for describing universal phenomena. It helps express comprehensiveness and universality in Japanese.