「〜にもかかわらず」- Despite...

Explanation

「〜にもかかわらず」 is a Japanese grammatical structure used to express "despite..." or "although...". It is typically used to indicate that despite a certain situation, a result or action still occurs. It emphasizes a contrast or a turning point in the situation.

Grammar Pattern

Grammar Point	Connection	Explanation
Noun + にもかかわらず	Noun + にもかかわらず	Indicates that despite a certain situation, a result or action still occurs.
い-Adjective + にもかかわらず	い-Adjective + にもかかわらず	Indicates that despite a certain situation, a result or action still occurs.
な-Adjective + な + にもかかわらず	な-Adjective + な + にもかかわらず	Indicates that despite a certain situation, a result or action still occurs.
Verb Plain Form + にもかかわらず	Verb Plain Form + にもかかわらず	Indicates that despite a certain situation, a result or action still occurs.

Basic Usage

Connection

• Noun + にもかかわらず
• い-Adjective + にもかかわらず
• な-Adjective + な + にもかかわらず
• Verb Plain Form + にもかかわらず

Meaning

• Indicates that despite a certain situation, a result or action still occurs.

Examples

• 雨あめ にもかかわらず、試合しあいは行おこなわれた。
• Ame ni mo kakawarazu, shiai wa okonawareta.
• Despite the rain, the match was held.
  

• 彼かれは忙いそがしい にもかかわらず、私わたしの手伝てつだいをしてくれた。
• Kare wa isogashii ni mo kakawarazu, watashi no tetsudai o shite kureta.
• Despite being busy, he helped me.
  

• 彼女かのじょは病気びょうき にもかかわらず、仕事しごとに出でた。
• Kanojo wa byouki ni mo kakawarazu, shigoto ni deta.
• Despite being sick, she went to work.
  

• 彼かれは若わかい にもかかわらず、非常ひじょうに優秀ゆうしゅうだ。
• Kare wa wakai ni mo kakawarazu, hijou ni yuushuu da.
• Despite being young, he is very talented.
  

Comparison and Differences

Although both 「〜にもかかわらず」 and 「〜のに」 mean "despite...", they differ in tone and usage.

Grammar Point	Tone	Usage
〜にもかかわらず	More formal	Written language or formal situations
〜のに	More casual	Everyday conversation

Examples:

• 彼かれは忙いそがしい にもかかわらず、私わたしの手伝てつだいをしてくれた。
• Kare wa isogashii ni mo kakawarazu, watashi no tetsudai o shite kureta.
• Despite being busy, he helped me.
  

• 彼かれは忙いそがしい のに、私わたしの手伝てつだいをしてくれた。
• Kare wa isogashii noni, watashi no tetsudai o shite kureta.
• Despite being busy, he helped me.
  

Deep Dive

「〜にもかかわらず」 is mainly used in written language or formal situations to express a more formal contrast or turning point. It emphasizes that despite an unfavorable or opposite situation, a result or action still occurs.

Summary

「〜にもかかわらず」 is a Japanese grammatical structure used to express "despite..." and is typically used in written language or formal situations. Mastering this structure will help you better convey contrasts or turning points in formal expressions.